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The Tabernacle and the Priesthood Established

 
     
 


Here are some interesting websites to learn more about the Tabernacle. Although I am trying to avoid the comparison of Judaism and Christianity, two of these websites do so.

http://www.bibleplaces.com/tabernacle.htm ... a full-scale model in Israel; great pictures
http://www.templebuilders.com/tabernaclepictures/ ... a Christian site, but good pictures and info
http://www.hebroots.com/tabernac.html ... also a Christian site, but good pictures & description

 
     
 


The Children of Israel were gathered to the foot of Mount Sinai, where Moses ascended and began to receive the LORD's law for His people. (Exodus 19). The Ten Commandments were given as the basis of all other law that was to follow (Exodus 20). Other various laws were given (Exodus 20-23), and the LORD directed that the Children of Israel make a covenant to obey the law of the LORD (Exodus 24). Only after receiving this much of the LORD's law and covenanting to obey it did the LORD set out to establish His House among His newly-covenanted people and to organize the priesthood among them.

INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN:

CARRIED OUT:
     
  Exodus 25:1-9

.to be built from offerings

 Exodus 35:4-9, 20-29;.;
 Exodus 36:2-7.. 
  Exodus 25:10-22  Ark of the Covenant  Exodus 37:1-9
  Exodus 25:23-30  Table for the Bread Offerings  Exodus 37:10-16
  Exodus 25:31-40  Lampstand  Exodus 37:17-24
  Exodus 26  Tent of the LORD's Presence  Exodus 36:8-38
  Exodus 27:1-8  the Altar for Burnt Offerings  Exodus 38:1-7
  Exodus 27:9-19  Enclosure for the Tent of the LORD's Presence.  Exodus 38:9-20
  Exodus 27:20-21  Care of the Lamp  Leviticus 24:1-4
  Exodus 28:1-14  Garments for the Priests  Exodus 39:1-7
  Exodus 28:15-30  the Breastplate  Exodus 39:8-21
  Exodus 28:31-43  Other Priestly Robes  Exodus 39:22-31
  Exodus 29:1-37  Instructions for Ordaining
 Aaron and His Sons as Priests
 Leviticus 8:1-36
  Exodus 29:38-46  Daily Offerings  Numbers 28:1-8
  Exodus 30:1-10  Altar for Burning Incense  Exodus 37:25-28
  Exodus 30:11-16  Tax for the Tent of the LORD's Presence  
  Exodus 30:17-21  Bronze Basin  Exodus 38:8
  Exodus 30: 22-33  the Anointing Oil  Exodus 37:29
  Exodus 30: 34-38    the Incense  
  Exodus 31:1-11  Craftsmen Chosen by the LORD  Exodus 35:10-19;
 Exodus 30 - 36:1
 

list of metals used ...

 Exodus 38:21-31
 

completion of the work ...

 Exodus 39:32-43
 

Set-up and dedication; LORD's Presence ...

 Exodus 40
  Laws of Offerings and Sacrifices given ...  Leviticus 1 - 7
 

Ordination of Aaron and His Sons ...

 Leviticus 8 - 10
 

perpetual fire to burn in the Holy Place ...

 Leviticus 24:1-4

You will notice that there is a five-chapter lag between when the instructions were given on how to build and staff the Tabernacle and the start of the actual construction. Why is this...? Well, Moses went back up the Mount to receive further instructions from the LORD, and the people, thinking he had been gone so long he had to be dead, built instead a golden idol in the form of a calf, or young bull. Exodus chapters 32-34 deals with the LORD's wrath over this matter, Moses' pleading for the people, and the LORD issuing the Law again to Moses and allowing the people to once more covenant to obey Him. Only then does construction of the Tabernacle begin.

 
     
 

INSTRUCTIONS for the PRIESTS:

HOLINESS OF PRIESTS - Leviticus 21: And the LORD said unto Moses, Speak unto the priests the sons of Aaron, and say unto them, There shall none be defiled for the dead among his people: But for his kin, that is near unto him, that is, for his mother, and for his father, and for his son, and for his daughter, and for his brother, And for his sister a virgin, that is nigh unto him, which hath had no husband; for her may he be defiled. But he shall not defile himself, being a chief man among his people, to profane himself. They shall not make baldness upon their head, neither shall they shave off the corner of their beard, nor make any cuttings in their flesh. They shall be holy unto their God, and not profane the name of their God: for the offerings of the LORD made by fire, and the bread of their God, they do offer: therefore they shall be holy. They shall not take a wife that is a whore, or profane; neither shall they take a woman put away from her husband: for he is holy unto his God. Thou shalt sanctify him therefore; for he offereth the bread of thy God: he shall be holy unto thee: for I the LORD, which sanctify you, am holy. And the daughter of any priest, if she profane herself by playing the whore, she profaneth her father: she shall be burnt with fire.
          And he that is the high priest among his brethren, upon whose head the anointing oil was poured, and that is consecrated to put on the garments, shall not uncover his head, nor rend his clothes; Neither shall he go in to any dead body, nor defile himself for his father, or for his mother; Neither shall he go out of the sanctuary, nor profane the sanctuary of his God; for the crown of the anointing oil of his God is upon him: I am the LORD. And he shall take a wife in her virginity. A widow, or a divorced woman, or profane, or an harlot, these shall he not take: but he shall take a virgin of his own people to wife. Neither shall he profane his seed among his people: for I the LORD do sanctify him.
          And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, Speak unto Aaron, saying, Whosoever he be of thy seed in their generations that hath any blemish, let him not approach to offer the bread of his God. For whatsoever man he be that hath a blemish, he shall not approach: a blind man, or a lame, or he that hath a flat nose, or any thing superfluous, Or a man that is brokenfooted, or brokenhanded, Or crookbackt, or a dwarf, or that hath a blemish in his eye, or be scurvy, or scabbed, or hath his stones broken; No man that hath a blemish of the seed of Aaron the priest shall come nigh to offer the offerings of the LORD made by fire: he hath a blemish; he shall not come nigh to offer the bread of his God. He shall eat the bread of his God, both of the most holy, and of the holy. Only he shall not go in unto the vail, nor come nigh unto the altar, because he hath a blemish; that he profane not my sanctuaries: for I the LORD do sanctify them. And Moses told it unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel.

MAY EAT OF HOLY THINGS - Leviticus 22:1-16: And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, Speak unto Aaron and to his sons, that they separate themselves from the holy things of the children of Israel, and that they profane not my holy name in those things which they hallow unto me: I am the LORD. Say unto them, Whosoever he be of all your seed among your generations, that goeth unto the holy things, which the children of Israel hallow unto the LORD, having his uncleanness upon him, that soul shall be cut off from my presence: I am the LORD. What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or hath a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth any thing that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him; Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath; The soul which hath touched any such shall be unclean until even, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless he wash his flesh with water. And when the sun is down, he shall be clean, and shall afterward eat of the holy things; because it is his food. That which dieth of itself, or is torn with beasts, he shall not eat to defile himself therewith: I am the LORD. They shall therefore keep mine ordinance, lest they bear sin for it, and die therefore, if they profane it: I the LORD do sanctify them.
         There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing. But if the priest buy any soul with his money, he shall eat of it, and he that is born in his house: they shall eat of his meat. If the priest's daughter also be married unto a stranger, she may not eat of an offering of the holy things. But if the priest's daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father's house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father's meat: but there shall no stranger eat thereof. And if a man eat of the holy thing unwittingly, then he shall put the fifth part thereof unto it, and shall give it unto the priest with the holy thing. And they shall not profane the holy things of the children of Israel, which they offer unto the LORD; Or suffer them to bear the iniquity of trespass, when they eat their holy things: for I the LORD do sanctify them.

LEVITES ARE THE LORD'S IN THE STEAD OF EVERY FIRSTBORN IN ISRAEL - Numbers 8:13-19: And thou shalt set the Levites before Aaron, and before his sons, and offer them for an offering unto the LORD. Thus shalt thou separate the Levites from among the children of Israel: and the Levites shall be mine. And after that shall the Levites go in to do the service of the tabernacle of the congregation: and thou shalt cleanse them, and offer them for an offering. For they are wholly given unto me from among the children of Israel; instead of such as open every womb, even instead of the firstborn of all the children of Israel, have I taken them unto me. For all the firstborn of the children of Israel are mine, both man and beast: on the day that I smote every firstborn in the land of Egypt I sanctified them for myself. And I have taken the Levites for all the firstborn of the children of Israel. And I have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and to his sons from among the children of Israel, to do the service of the children of Israel in the tabernacle of the congregation, and to make an atonement for the children of Israel: that there be no plague among the children of Israel, when the children of Israel come nigh unto the sanctuary.

ARE TO JUDGE IN HARD CASES - Deuteronomy 17:8-13: If there arise a matter too hard for thee in judgment, between blood and blood, between plea and plea, and between stroke and stroke, being matters of controversy within thy gates: then shalt thou arise, and get thee up into the place which the LORD thy God shall choose; And thou shalt come unto the priests the Levites, and unto the judge that shall be in those days, and enquire; and they shall shew thee the sentence of judgment: And thou shalt do according to the sentence, which they of that place which the LORD shall choose shall shew thee; and thou shalt observe to do according to all that they inform thee: According to the sentence of the law which they shall teach thee, and according to the judgment which they shall tell thee, thou shalt do: thou shalt not decline from the sentence which they shall shew thee, to the right hand, nor to the left. And the man that will do presumptuously, and will not hearken unto the priest that standeth to minister there before the LORD thy God, or unto the judge, even that man shall die: and thou shalt put away the evil from Israel. And all the people shall hear, and fear, and do no more presumptuously.

HOW THEY ARE TO BE SUPPORTED - Deuteronomy 18:1-8: The priests the Levites, and all the tribe of Levi, shall have no part nor inheritance with Israel: they shall eat the offerings of the LORD made by fire, and his inheritance. Therefore shall they have no inheritance among their brethren: the LORD is their inheritance, as he hath said unto them. And this shall be the priest's due from the people, from them that offer a sacrifice, whether it be ox or sheep; and they shall give unto the priest the shoulder, and the two cheeks, and the maw. The firstfruit also of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep, shalt thou give him. For the LORD thy God hath chosen him out of all thy tribes, to stand to minister in the name of the LORD, him and his sons for ever. And if a Levite come from any of thy gates out of all Israel, where he sojourned, and come with all the desire of his mind unto the place which the LORD shall choose; Then he shall minister in the name of the LORD his God, as all his brethren the Levites do, which stand there before the LORD. They shall have like portions to eat, beside that which cometh of the sale of his patrimony.